Which statement best describes an aleatory contract?

• A. Mutual exchange of equal values
• B. One party's obligation depends on an uncertain future event
• C. A contract based on bargaining between parties
• D. A contract involving land

Answer: (B)

An aleatory contract hinges on the outcome of a future uncertain event. In such agreements, one party’s obligation is triggered only if a specific uncertain event occurs. Insurance is a classic example: you pay premiums now, and the insurer’s promise to pay depends on a covered loss happening later. Because the actual obligation depends on chance and the value of what’s exchanged can be unequal, this fits the aleatory concept.

The other options describe different ideas. Mutual exchange of equal values focuses on balanced consideration rather than contingency. A contract based on bargaining is just a negotiated agreement without necessarily relying on a future uncertain event. A contract involving land identifies the subject matter, not the nature of performance contingent on an uncertain event.